Magnetic reconnection is an important process that changes the topology of magnetic fields, accelerates the plasma in two opposite jets, generates magnetic islands, and drives large-scale convection in the Earth’s magnetosphere. The first half of this seminar presents an overview of some of the consequences that magnetic reconnection at the Earth’s magnetopause has on ionospheric [...]

The formation and evolution of regolith, including soil and dust, on airless bodies presents a different collection of processes to bear than those present on Earth. Meteorite and particularly micro-meteorite impacts provide the majority of the energy that causes several processes of weathering and erosion.