Linking Coronal Activity to Active Region Magnetic Fields Below the Photosphere

Authors: W.P. Abbett
Affiliation: Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley

How can we understand the connection between the “isolated” flux systems that form and evolve within the high-beta turbulent convection zone with the magnetic fields of the low-beta solar corona? It remains computationally intractable to simulate the evolution of active-region magnetic fields throughout the entirety of the solar interior and atmosphere. Thus, we are faced with a choice. We can severely restrict the size of the computational domain, include a small portion of the sub-surface convective envelope along with the visible surface layers, and simulate the evolution of magnetic fields in a plasma that transitions from a high-beta to low-beta regime over the many pressure scale heights of the photosphere, chromosphere, transition region, and low corona; or we can drive large-scale models of the solar atmosphere with pre-existing sub-surface calculations or observations of the vector magnetic field at the solar photosphere.
Since the solar photosphere necessarily represents the visible lower boundary of data-driven models of the solar corona (and large-scale Sun-to-Earth models being developed by collaborative projects such as CISM and MURI for use as space weather forecasting tools), we have focused on the latter method. We have made progress developing techniques necessary to initiate data-driven calculations, and to update the electric field in the boundary layers of an MHD model atmosphere when a true sub-surface coupling is not possible. I will summarize our group's modeling efforts in these areas.