Comparison of SNOE, POLAR, and SAMPEX Observations of the Magnetosphere-Thermosphere Interaction during the 1998 Geomagnetic Storms
K D Mankoff, C A Barth, D N Baker, A W Merkel Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado J G Luhmann Space Science Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley G M Mason Dept. of Physics, University of Maryland	S M Petrinec, D L Chenette, W L Imhof Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center S G Kanekal NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center J E Mazur The Aerospace Corporation
The auroral zone as determined from one year of nitric oxide observations. The northern geomagnetic pole is at the center of the image.	The auroral zone as determined from one year of nitric oxide observations. Geomagnetic coordinates are superimposed on the image.
SNOE, POLAR, and SAMPEX observations of the magnetosphere and thermosphere are compared for the geomagnetic storms of May, September, and October, 1998. The LICA instrument on SAMPEX measures medium-energy (>25 keV) percipitating electrons from a low-altitude polar orbit. The PIXIE instrument on the POLAR spacecraft images 2-12 keV x-rays from a high-apogee orbit. SNOE measures the nitric oxide in the thermosphere that is produced by the ionization, dissociation, and excitation of the atoms and molecules of the precipitating electrons.
May Storm | September Storm | October Storm